The Spanish word evidencia, translated here as "evidence," can be difficult to translate. In ordinary Spanish it has two meanings. The first is "evidence" in a more legal sense, such as "overwhelming evidence against the accused," "circumstantial evidence." In this sense, evidence can have a collective sense, such as when "the prosecutor piles on the evidence against the defendant."
The second meaning could perhaps be translated as "obviousness," that is, when something is evident and need not be proven any further.
When Gómez Dávila uses the word, he generally uses it in the second sense, but he also seems to attach a semi-technical, epistemological meaning to the term. In this aphorism, for instance, he quite purposely opposes evidence to ratiocination.
“Quel fanatisme!” exclama le pharmacien, en se penchant vers le notaire. (Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part 2, Chapter 8)
¡Oh! Pues si no me entienden--respondió Sancho—no es maravilla que mis sentencias sean tenidas por disparates. (Cervantes, Don Quixote, Part 2, Chapter 19)
ὀλιγόστιχα μέν, δυνάμεως δὲ μεστὰ. (Diogenes Laërtius, Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers, Book VII, Life of Herillus)
A hand, a foot, a leg, a head, Stood for the whole to be imaginèd. (Shakespeare, The Rape of Lucrece, ll. 1427-8)
Aux meilleurs esprits Que d'erreurs promises! Ni vu ni connu, Le temps d'un sein nu Entre deux chemises! (Paul Valéry, Le Sylphe)
Daß es sich hier um die lange Logik einer ganz bestimmten philosophischen Sensibilität handelt und nicht um ein Durcheinander von hundert beliebigen Paradoxien und Heterodoxien, ich glaube, davon ist auch meinen wohlwollendsten Lesern nichts aufgegangen. (Nietzsche, Letter to Georg Brandes, 8 January 1888)
Et miraris quod paucis placeo cui cum paucis convenit, cui omnia fere aliter videntur ac vulgo, a quo semper quod longissime abest id penitus rectum iter censeo. (Petrarch, Epistolae de Rebus Familiaribus, Book XIX, Letter 7)
For a translation and explanation of these epigraphs, click here.
The original Spanish is:
ReplyDeleteTodos examinan con más cuidado el raciocinio que la evidencia que lo sustenta.
The Spanish word evidencia, translated here as "evidence," can be difficult to translate. In ordinary Spanish it has two meanings. The first is "evidence" in a more legal sense, such as "overwhelming evidence against the accused," "circumstantial evidence." In this sense, evidence can have a collective sense, such as when "the prosecutor piles on the evidence against the defendant."
ReplyDeleteThe second meaning could perhaps be translated as "obviousness," that is, when something is evident and need not be proven any further.
When Gómez Dávila uses the word, he generally uses it in the second sense, but he also seems to attach a semi-technical, epistemological meaning to the term. In this aphorism, for instance, he quite purposely opposes evidence to ratiocination.
See the next aphorism for a better of what Gómez Dávila meant.
ReplyDelete